Bitwise Pt. 1

As name suggests - it does bitwise manipulation

& : and, | : or, ~ : not, << : left shift, >> : right shift, ^ : xor

Bitwise AND (&) Operator

• It takes two bits at a time and perform AND operation.
• AND (&) is binary operator. It takes two numbers and perform bitwise AND.
• Result of AND is 1 when both bits are 1.

  0 1 1 1     -> 7
& 0 1 0 0     -> 4

 0 1 0 0      -> 4

7 & 4 = 4

Bitwise OR (|) Operator

• It takes two bits at a time and perform OR operation.
• OR (|) is binary operator. It takes two numbers and perform bitwise OR.
• Result of OR is 0 when both bits are 0.

  0 1 1 1     -> 7
| 0 1 0 0     -> 4
  0 1 1 1     -> 7

7 | 4 = 7

Bitwise NOT (~) Operator

• NOT is a unary operator

• Its job is to complement each bit one by one.

• Result of NOT is 0 when bit is 1 and 1 when bit is 0

• You could say : ~x == -(x + 1)

~ 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1     -> 7
  1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0     -> -8

~ 7 = -8

Difference between bitwise and logical operators

int main() {
  char x = 1, y = 2; // x = 1(0000 0001), y = 2(0000 0010)
  if (x & y)         // 1 & 2 = 0 (0000 0000)
    printf("Result of x & y is 1");   // will not be printed
  if (x && y)
    printf("Result of x && y is 1");  // anything other than 0 is true

  return 0;
}